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UNDERSTANDING THE SPORT OF WRESTLING
MATCH -- When two wrestlers wrestle each other. Both wrestlers are in the same weight class with one from each team.
A high school match consists of three two-minute periods. The first period begins in neutral position with both wrestlers on their feet and facing each other. The second period begins with one wrestler choosing top, bottom, neutral, or defer. The third period begins with the other wrestler choosing top, bottom, or neutral position.
If the wrestlers go out of bounds during the match, the referee will return them to the center of the mat and start them wrestling again in the same position that they were in when they went out of bounds.
POSITIONS -- During a match, a wrestler must always be in one of three positions -- offense, defense, or neutral. He can only be in one of these positions at a time. Scoring points is just going from one position to another.
NEUTRAL WRESTLER -- When neither wrestler has control of the other and they are both on their feet or knees facing each other. Only the neutral wrestlers can score takedown points.
OFFENSIVE WRESTLER -- The wrestler who is on top of his opponent and has control of him. He is also the man on top in referee′s position. He tries to break down his opponent and turn his opponent′s shoulder blades toward the mat to score near fall points or to gain a fall. Only the offensive wrestler can score near fall points.
DEFENSIVE WRESTLERS -- The wrestler who is underneath his opponent and has no control. He is also the man on the bottom in referee′s position. He tries to get away from the top man′s control by escaping or reversing him or pinning him. Only the defensive wrestler can score escape or reversal points.
MATCH POINTS -- Points scored in a match. There are seven basic ways to score match points against an opponent.
- TAKEDOWN - 2 Points - When the neutral wrestler takes his opponent down to the mat and gets on top of him and behind him and becomes him and becomes the offensive wrestler.
- ESCAPE - 1 Point - When the defensive wrestler gets out from underneath his opponent
and into the neutral position.
- REVERSAL - 2 Points - When the defensive wrestler gets out from underneath his opponent and gets on top of him or behind him in one maneuver and becomes the offensive wrestler.
- NEAR FALL - 2 Points - When the offensive wrestler turns his opponent over onto his
back and holds him at a 45 degree angle or less for 2-4 seconds. Only one set of near fall points can be awarded for each pinning hold and they cannot be awarded until after the pinning situation has ended.
- NEAR FALL - 3 Points - When the offensive wrestler holds the defensive wrestler within the two point near fall criteria for 5 consecutive seconds, a 3 point near fall will be awarded instead of the 2 point near fall.
- NEAR FALL - 4 Points - When the offensive wrestler has earned a 3 point near fall
(5 count) and then the defensive wrestler is injured and the referee stops the match. The offensive wrestler will be awarded a 4 point near fall instead of the 3 point near fall.
- PENALTY - 1 or 2 points or disqualification - The referee will award these points to the opponent of a wrestler who breads the rules of wrestling. These rules include no stalling and no use of illegal holds which could harm an opponent (such as kicking, scratching, biting, slamming an opponent to the mat, or bending any body joint beyond its normal range
motion. The referee should stop these situations before someone is injured). The first offense is a 1 point penalty. The second offense is also a one point penalty. The third offense is a 2 point penalty, and the fourth offense is disqualification. There is a warning given before penalizing for stalling. A caution is given before penalizing for a false start from referee′s position, but no warning is given before penalizing for other infractions. Two cautions are allowed for improper starts before 1 point caution penalties are assessed.
DUAL MEET TEAM POINTS -- Team points scored depend upon the outcome of each match and are scored after each match is completed.
1. FALL OR PIN - 6 Points - Awarded to the team whose wrestler holds both of his opponent′s shoulders to the mat for two consecutive seconds. The match is completed as soon as the fall occurs, and the one who is pinned loses automatically even though he may be way ahead in match points.
2. TECHNICAL FALL - 5 Points - Awarded to the team whose wrestler has scored 15 match points more than his opponent. The match is stopped as soon as the 15 point margin is achieved, except in a pinning situation.
3. MAJOR DECISION - 4 Points - Awarded to the team whose wrestler wins by a margin of 8-14 match points more than his opponent has scored.
4. REGULAR DECISION - 3 Points - Awarded to the team whose wrestler wins by a margin of 1-7 match points more than his opponent has scored.
5. DRAW - There are no more ties in high school wrestling. The match is decided by a sudden victory overtime.
6. DISQUALIFICATION - 6 Points - A wrestler wins a match by disqualification when his opponent is banned from further competition because of penalties or when the wrestler is injured by an opponent′s illegal hold so that he cannot continue the match.
7. DEFAULT - 6 Points - A wrestler wins a match by default when his opponent is injured during the match accidentally and cannot continue wrestling.
8. FORFEIT - 6 Points - A wrestler wins a match by forfeit when the other team does not have a wrestler to compete against him.
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